Comorbidity among axis II diagnoses was common. Subjects met the criteria for an average of 2.4 personality disorder diagnoses (SD=1.6). The subjects with borderline personality disorder were more likely than those without borderline personality disorder to meet the criteria for histrionic (29.2% versus 5.6%; ? 2 =, df=1, p<0.0005), narcissistic (30.6% versus 15.7%; ? 2 =5.59, df=1, p=0.02), and antisocial (12.5% versus 3.7%; ? 2 =4.98, df=1, p=0.03) personality disorder. Subjects with paranoid personality disorder were more likely than those without paranoid personality disorder to meet the criteria for schizotypal (49.2% versus 20.5%; ? 2 =, df=1, p<0.0005), narcissistic (33.3% versus 15.4%; ? 2 =7.77, df=1, p=0.005), histrionic (23.5% versus 10.3%; ? 2 =5.90, df=1, p=0.02), and antisocial (12.7% versus 4.3%; ? 2 =4.34, df=1, p=0.03) personality disorder. Subjects with borderline personality disorder had a higher number of personality disorder diagnoses (other than borderline personality disorder) than subjects without borderline personality disorder (mean=2.3 diagnoses, SD=1.7, versus mean=1.8 diagnoses, SD=1.1; t=–2.35, df=178, p=0.02). Subjects with paranoid personality disorder also had a higher number of personality disorders (other than paranoid personality disorder) than subjects without paranoid personality disorder (mean=2.5 diagnoses, SD=1.7, versus mean=1.8 diagnoses, SD=1.1; t=–3.44, df=178, p=0.001).
Upheaval inside the Youngsters or Adolescence
Desk dos suggests this new frequency regarding exposure to trauma while in the teens/puberty for the subjects that have and as opposed to borderline identity disorder. Victims that have borderline identity sickness got notably large costs regarding real discipline inside the youth/adolescence than just victims in place of borderline character disease, that have intercourse managed (52.8% versus 34.3%; ? 2 =5.43, df=1, p=0.02), but the communities didn’t differ within their pricing regarding intimate abuse (30.2% instead of 19.4%; ? dos =step 1.46, df=step 1, p=0.23) or out-of other types of traumatization in the youthfulness/adolescence.
Subjects having paranoid identification disorder plus had a significantly higher level out-of bodily punishment within the childhood/puberty than sufferers in place of paranoid identity diseases, that have gender controlled (54.0% versus thirty five.0%; ? dos =5.70, df=step 1, p=0.02). 4% as opposed to 22.2%; ? dos =0.23, df=step one, p=0.63) otherwise regarding other kinds of stress inside the youth/puberty. The brand new connections out-of young people/teenage actual discipline with borderline identity ailment sufficient reason for paranoid personality ailment was in fact and additionally checked out that with each one of the most other character disease diagnoses due to the fact additional covariates, while the efficiency was in fact mathematically similar.
Sufferers with antisocial identity ailment have been probably be compared to those in the place of antisocial character sickness to have come bereaved from inside the youngsters (53.8% instead of 21.0%; ? 2 =eight.67, df=step 1, p=0.006). Not one of your own other sorts of personality sickness are somewhat and you can absolutely associated with intimate punishment, bodily discipline, or the other types of shock during the youth/adolescence.
Traumatization inside the Adulthood
Brand new prices regarding experience of injury in the adulthood into the sufferers with and you may instead of borderline identity problems are also found in the Desk dos. Borderline identification problems was not somewhat from the real violence, intimate physical violence, or other types of injury when you look at the adulthood, as we age and gender regulated. Sufferers having paranoid identity diseases had been significantly more most likely compared to those versus paranoid identification diseases to have experienced physical physical violence when you look at the adulthood, as we grow old and sex controlled (33.0% in the place of 17.9%; ? dos =4.84, df=step one, p=0.03). Individuals with paranoid personality sickness also had large costs from crashes/injury (63.5% as opposed to 47.0%; ? dos =cuatro.86, df=step one, p=0.03) and you can treat (nine.5% versus step 1.7%; ? 2 =6.48, df=step one, p=0.01) than those without any infection, however these differences just weren’t statistically high following the aftereffects of numerous reviews have been controlled. None of your other sorts of identity ailment are rather relevant that have whatever traumatization in adulthood.
Prevalence of PTSD
The brand new existence prevalence out-of PTSD within this group of sufferers was 17.8% (N=32). Brand new costs from PTSD in females (19.0%, N=12) and you will males (17.1%, N=20) were not rather some other (? dos =0.11, df=step one, p=0.74). PTSD was typical in the sufferers having paranoid (29%) and you can borderline (25%) identification infection, and minimum well-known during the subjects with narcissistic (10%) and you can passive-aggressive (12%) character diseases. For the leftover kind of identity disease, new incidence out-of PTSD ranged out-of 14% so you’re able to 18%. Victims having and instead PTSD failed to disagree inside their overall amount of identity diseases diagnoses (mean=dos.5, SD=step 1.dos, versus imply=2.4, SD=step one.6; t=–0.36, df=178, p=0.72).